Phonology
"Phonology is the study of the sound system of any given language: the organization of a language's sounds and their relationships to one another." (Curzan and Adams, 2012, p. 64)
"The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) provides an established, consistent set of symbols for representing the sounds of all the world's languages." (Curzan and Adams, 2012, p. 67)
Pronunciation is the ability to orally produce sounds. Factors that affect pronunciation include:
"The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) provides an established, consistent set of symbols for representing the sounds of all the world's languages." (Curzan and Adams, 2012, p. 67)
Pronunciation is the ability to orally produce sounds. Factors that affect pronunciation include:
- Accent
- Stress, intonation, and rhythm
- Motivation and Exposure
- Attitude toward learning the language
- Quality of instruction
- Age of learner
- Personality of learner
- Mother-tongue influence
Terms to know
Phonemic Awareness: is the ability to hear and manipulate individual sounds or phonemes within the speech stream.
Phonological Awareness: encompasses awareness of phonemes and larger units of spoken language. Phoneme: the basic sound in the phonological system Consonant: Speech sound produced by partial or total obstruction of air flow by one or more speech organs, like the tongue, lips, teeth, etc. Vowel: Speech sound characterized by unimpeded airflow and produced by shape of the oral cavity and the tongue's shape and position Allophones: Any variant of a phoneme Minimal Pairs: a pair of words differentiated by only one feature of one sound. |
Implications for Teachers of ELLs
|
|